In April this year, Honda announced that by 2040, it will sell only fully electric vehicles (not even hybrids), a bold move that will end its relationship with the internal combustion engine much loved by Soichiro Honda.
While different regions may move at different speeds along the road to electrification of their vehicles on a national basis, advanced markets like North America are likely to start having a higher proportion of electric vehicles (EVs) in the coming years.
New BEV series for North America
Honda will therefore be focussing on products for that market and has announced that it is working on a new series of high-volume battery electric vehicles (BEV) to introduce in North America in early 2024. The range will be known as PROLOGUE and will be led by an all-new SUV and herald the new electrified era for the company.
The carmaker already has a range of electrified vehicles on sale, but these are mostly with hybrid powertrains, apart from the Clarity which uses hydrogen fuel cell technology to generate electricity for powering the car.
In addition to the Prologue, the company will introduce an all-electric model under the Acura brand as well. Acura currently has hybrid models as well, including the 573-bhp NSX and the new all-electric model will be a SUV as well.
GM Ultium platform and battery pack (below).
GM’s Ultium platform for EVs to be used
Both the Honda and Acura vehicles will utilize the highly flexible global EV platform powered by Ultium batteries developed within the strategic partnership with General Motors. The platform will be engineered to support Honda’s driving character. As part of the agreement to jointly develop electric vehicles, Honda will incorporate GM’s OnStar safety and security services into its new SUVs, seamlessly integrating them with HondaLink.
Production of the SUVs will combine the development expertise of both companies, and they will be manufactured at GM plants in North America. In the second half of the decade, Honda also plans to launch a new series of EV models based on a new e:Architecture, with development led by the Japanese carmaker. These new models will be launched in North America first, followed by other regions.
Honda’s EV History
Though EVs have grown in prominence in recent times, Honda has been involved in developing and producing such vehicles for almost 25 years. In 1997, it introduced the EV Plus, a small electrically-powered hatchback which was the first BEV from a major automaker to use nickel-metal hydride batteries instead of heavy lead-acid batteries.
EV Plus was produced between 1997 and 1999.
After the limited production of the EV Plus, Honda came out with the Insight in 1999. This was one of the first volume-produced hybrids in the market. The FCX came out in 2002 and it was the industry’s first commercialised vehicle using fuel cell technology that was originally developed for the space program. The FCX was succeeded by the Clarity in 2017.
First generation of the Insight, one of the early volume-produced hybrids. This unit was driven from Thailand to Singapore in January 2001 to demonstrate the high fuel efficiency.FCX – the first hydrogen fuel cell vehicle (FCEV) which was commercialised.
“We know customers who have a good experience with a hybrid vehicle are more likely to buy a battery electric vehicle in the future,” said Dave Gardner, Executive Vice-President of American Honda. “Our strategy is focused on introducing a higher percentage of hybrids in core models in the near term, making a committed effort to achieve higher volume leading to the introduction of our Honda PROLOGUE.”
Cadillac is one of the first automotive brands in the world, with a history that goes back 118 years. While it was already established as a luxury brand from its early years, the name outside America was often associated with ‘gas guzzlers’ – cars with high fuel consumption and with dimensions like an aircraft carrier (an exaggeration, of course). The fact is, Cadillac models were fairly large and their heavy weight as well as big engines consumed fuel at a high rate but thankfully for American motorists, petrol prices were cheap.
By the 1970s, Cadillac began to ‘downsize’ and by the 1980s, even started to use front-wheel drive. Technology helped bring fuel consumption down and by the time the 21st century began, the company’s model range was sized more practically. Fuel consumption was certainly much lower than ever before although perhaps high compared to models from Europe and Asia.
No more new combustion engine models
Now the company is making a big leap forward with the decision to stop introducing new models with combustion engines (although it will continue to sell existing models). From next year, it will launch the first of many electrically-powered models to come and it has revealed what the first model will look like with the unveiling of the LYRIQ at Auto Shanghai last week.
Cadillac executives avoided calling it a concept car and said that the production model will look the same. “We are calling the model on display in Shanghai a showcar – not a concept – because it will go into production soon. You may be surprised how similar it is to the showcar,” said Felix Weller, Vice-President of Cadillac in China and General Director of Cadillac Marketing and Sales at SAIC-GM.
GM Ultium batteries and platform
Th LYRIQ is positioned as a midsize all-electric SUV, equipped with GM’s latest Ultium batteries, the industry’s first wireless battery management system which saves up to 90% of the wiring. Also, the battery system can receive new features as they become available, with support for over-the-air (OTA) updates provided by its Vehicle Intelligence Platform.
At launch, the LYRIQ’s dedicated electric architecture will include a 12-module, 100 kWh battery pack and a rear-wheel-drive Ultium Platform. The powertrain is expected to generate up to 340 hp, with 440 Nm of torque, and on a fully-charged battery pack, the estimated range will be over 480 kms.
As the cornerstone of GM’s electrification across the board, the next-generation and highly flexible Ultium platform allows Cadillac to deliver a variety of range and performance options. The modular EV platform on which the LYRIQ is based eliminates significant physical constraints associated with adapting electric propulsion within a conventional vehicle architecture. The result is an optimized design that supports greater driving range, an engaging driving experience and a new interpretation of the passenger space.
High-speed charging
The LYRIQ features an industry-first wireless battery management system and patented thermal protection technology to offer a safe, powerful and reliable luxury EV experience. Recharging time can be short as the LYRIQ can accept high-speed DC fast charging at 190 kW. This means that the owner can add an estimated 122 kms of range in about 10 minutes. For home charging, the LYRIQ will have a a segment-leading 19.2 kW charging module which can add up to 83 kms of range per hour of charging.
Next-generation variable ‘Regen on Demand’ technology, along with the convenience of One-Pedal Driving, will also be available. With Regen on Demand, drivers can control how quickly LYRIQ slows down or comes to a complete stop using a pressure-sensitive paddle located on the steering wheel. Both technologies make use of regenerative braking to help maximize electric driving efficiency.
Name inspired by music and poetry
The name ‘LYRIQ’ was inspired by Cadillac’s rich connection to the arts such as music and poetry. Its exterior styling is true to its intent to blend a sensory artform with intelligent technology, and underscores the brand’s bold aesthetic design philosophy.
The front of the showcar is designed to blur the lines between lighting and the grille. Vertical, slim-line LED headlamps interplay with Cadillac’s signature vertical lamps via the Illuminated Black Crystal grille, which not just follows the brand’s classic elements but presents a charming and futuristic visual effect like never before.
A full, two-tone glass roof stretches straight through to the roof spoiler, defining a low and fast profile while enabling outstanding aerodynamics. The lower centre of gravity and near 50/50 weight distribution between the front and rear axles was enabled by the placement of the battery pack. Large 23-inch wheels in a matte finish enhance the vehicle’s dynamics and visual impact when still.
In order to highlight the purity and lightness of the LYRIQ’s form, Cadillac’s design team straddled the line between white and silver, using an unusual 14-layer painting process. With the change of light angle, the body finish shows a strong sense of flow, reflecting Cadillac’s distinctive luxurious style.
The seamless integration of art and technology is woven through every detail of the interior. Graceful and specific Cadillac knurling is etched on each component, and laser-etched patterns run throughout the metal-based wooden décor. There is detailing inside the vents as well, which emphasizes the idea of high design even in the smallest of areas.
A 33-inch-diagonal advanced LED display artfully integrates a single large screen that spans the viewing area for the driver. This new display has the highest pixel density available in the automotive industry today and can display over one billion colours.
The LYRIQ’s new augmented reality-enhanced Head-Up Display employs two planes – a near plane indicating speed, direction and more, and a far plane displaying transparent navigation signals and other important alerts. The vehicle’s technology also addresses sound in two important ways: blocking unwanted sounds and making the most of the sounds passengers want to hear. For the first time, Cadillac will introduce a new road noise cancellation technology, which takes active noise cancellation to the next level by introducing more microphones and accelerometers.
“Throughout the next decade, Cadillac will define the future of luxury transportation through a series of exciting new electric vehicles, and it all begins with LYRIQ,” said Rory Harvey, Vice-President, Global Cadillac.
Even before GMC’s electric HUMMER supertruck goes on sale at the end of this year, the company has revealed another model – the HUMMER EV SUV – which will make its debut in 2023. The SUV is the next chapter in the company’s revival with only EV products.
“The GMC HUMMER EVs were envisioned to be the most capable and compelling electric supertrucks ever,” said Duncan Aldred, Global Vice-President of Buick and GMC. “The new HUMMER EV SUV is the next chapter, which will offer many options for customers to tailor the truck to their lifestyles, while continuing to encourage them to forge new paths with zero emissions.”
Starting with Edition 1
Driven by General Motors’ next-generation Ultium Platform, the new EV SUV will launch with an exclusive Edition 1. This will give the customer a choice to equip the vehicle for optimal driving range or maximum off-road capability. As standard, the Edition 1 will have 22-inch premium wheels, assist steps and floorliners.
Customers will be able to opt for the Extreme Off-Road package with 18-inch wheels and 35-inch-OD MT tyres, underbody armour and rock sliders, a front eLocker and virtual rear lockers, heavy-duty ball-spline half-shafts, UltraVision with underbody camera views and other high-tech features.
The SUV’s look is rugged, like the pick-up truck, but has a different rear design with a full-size spare tyre mounted in the classic SUV fashion. Inside, a similar 5-passenger layout from the pick-up remains and includes a large and useful rear cargo area.
Crabwalk and Extract Mode
GMC is highlighting the superior capabilities of the new SUV while are possible with the HUMMER EV’s signature features such as CrabWalk, a revolutionary setting utilizing 4-wheel steer to drive diagonally at low speeds – like a crab. This will give a capability no other competitive SUV can offer. There is also Extract Mode which is a first-of-its-kind system that makes full use of the Adaptive Air Suspension to raise the vehicle about 150 mm to get over tough obstacles. This is extra ground clearance in addition to the already tall ride height.
Although it has a 3220 mm wheelbase, it can turn within 10.8 metres with 4-Wheel Steer. Impressive departure and breakover angles also allow it to be driven up and down steep slopes without difficulty.
An immersive interior puts the driver at the centre of every moment, including customizable, multisensory user features and an open driving experience with the standard Infinity Roof with removable Sky Panels, I-Bar and rear drop glass.
830 hp, 15,592 Nm
GM’s Ultium Drive System offers up to 830 horsepower and up to 15,592 Nm of torque (GM estimated) — enough power for super-fast 0 to 96 km/h sprints in a time claimed to be approximately 3.5 seconds. The 20-module Ultium battery system can take the vehicle up to a 48 kms, GM engineers estimate, on the Edition 1 (with standard equipment).
Additionally, all HUMMER EV SUV models will feature the enhanced version of Super Cruise, an optional driver-assistance technology offering hands-free driving on more than 320,000 kms of enabled roads, and a new automatic lane-changing feature, where the system can determine when a lane change is optimal and initiate the manoeuvre, while following signaling protocols.
Production and pricing in 2023
Production will begin in early 2023, and GMC is able to indicate the starting price of the Edition 1 which will be US$105,595 (about RM436,265 at today’s exchange rate). When equipped with the Extreme Off-Road Package, the starting price will be about 4.7% more.
To know more about promotions at BHPetrol stations, visit www.bhpetrol.com.my.
Cruise, a company specialising in autonomous vehicle technology, and General Motors have entered a long-term strategic relationship with Microsoft to accelerate the commercialization of self-driving vehicles. The companies will bring together their software and hardware engineering skills, cloud computing capabilities, manufacturing know-how and partner ecosystem to transform transportation to create a safer, cleaner and more accessible world for everyone.
To unlock the potential of cloud computing for self-driving vehicles, Cruise will leverage Azure, Microsoft’s cloud and edge computing platform, to commercialize its unique autonomous vehicle solutions at scale. Microsoft, as Cruise’s preferred cloud provider, will also tap into Cruise’s deep industry expertise to enhance its customer-driven product innovation and serve transportation companies across the globe through continued investment in Azure.
Cruise test vehicles are adapted from the Chevrolet Bolt EV.
Accelerating digitization initiatives
In addition, GM will work with Microsoft as its preferred public cloud provider to accelerate its digitization initiatives, including collaboration, storage, artificial intelligence and machine learning capabilities. GM will explore opportunities with Microsoft to streamline operations across digital supply chains, foster productivity and bring new mobility services to customers faster.
Cruise will also send its self-driving vehicles to Japan and start development for testing this year as part of Honda’s new mobility business. This is a collaborative venture with Cruise and GM on self-driving vehicles for its autonomous vehicle mobility service (MaaS) business in Japan,
Cruise Origin
Autonomous vehicle mobility service
In due course, Honda aims to launch its MaaS business using the Cruise Origin, a vehicle the three companies are jointly developing exclusively for autonomous vehicle mobility service businesses. Honda Mobility Solutions Co., Ltd., will be the operator of the business in Japan.
“This collaboration with Cruise will enable the creation of new value for mobility and people’s daily lives, which we strive for under Honda’s 2030 Vision of serving people worldwide with the joy of expanding their life’s potential. Through active collaboration with partners who share the same interests and aspirations, Honda will continue to accelerate the realization of our autonomous vehicle MaaS business in Japan,” said Takahiro Hachigo, President & Representative Director of Honda Motor.
“Cruise’s mission to provide safer, cleaner and more accessible transportation is not limited to the USA. These are major changes that are needed almost everywhere in the world, and this is a small, but symbolic step with Honda on our global journey,” added Dan Ammann, CEO of Cruise.
Cruise was established in 2013 and has fully integrated manufacturing resources at scale, building all-electric, zero-emission, self-driving vehicles, especially for dense urban settings.
General Motors and Honda have agreed to jointly develop two all-new electric vehicles for Honda, based on GM’s highly flexible global EV platform powered by proprietary Ultium batteries. The EVs will be manufactured at GM plants in North America with sales expected to begin in the 2024 model year in North America.
Production of these Honda electric vehicles will combine the development expertise of both companies. The exteriors and interiors of the new EVs will be exclusively designed by Honda, and the platform will be engineered to support Honda’s driving character.
Joint pursuit of electrification
GM and Honda already have an ongoing relationship around electrification, which both companies are pursuing in this decade. This includes work on fuel cells and the Cruise Origin, an electric, self-driving and shared vehicle, which was revealed in San Francisco earlier this year. Honda also joined GM’s battery module development efforts in 2018.
Honda e is a new EV which the company developed primarily for the European market.
“This collaboration will put together the strength of both companies, while combined scale and manufacturing efficiencies will ultimately provide greater value to customers,” said Rick Schostek, Executive Vice-President of American Honda Motor Co. “This expanded partnership will unlock economies of scale to accelerate our electrification roadmap and advance our industry-leading efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.”
According to Doug Parks, GM Executive Vice-President of Global Product Development, Purchasing and Supply Chain, the agreement builds on a proven relationship with Honda, and further validates the technical advancements and capabilities of our Ultium batteries and our all-new EV platform.
“Importantly, it is another step on our journey to an all-electric future and delivering a profitable EV business through increased scale and capacity utilization. We have a terrific history of working closely with Honda, and this new collaboration builds on our relationship and like-minded objectives,” he said.
As part of the agreement to jointly develop electric vehicles, Honda will incorporate GM’s OnStar safety and security services into the two EVs, seamlessly integrating them with HondaLink. Additionally, Honda plans to make GM’s hands-free advanced driver-assist technology available.
Like many carmakers, General Motors is heading for an all-electric future and putting considerable resources into building a multi-brand, multi-segment EV strategy with economies of scale that can rival its full-size truck business. By right, the company should be way ahead in the EV field today, having come out with the first mass-produced all-electric car, the EV-1, in 1996.
However, advanced as it was, the car was expensive to produce, and GM saw the EV segment then as being unprofitable, so it stopped making the car. Developing EVs then was not a priority (engineers who were assigned to such projects considered them ‘dead-end jobs’) and so GM didn’t advance its EV technology the way Toyota had done so with its hybrid technology after it introduced the Prius in the late 1990s.
In 1996, GM launched the first mass-produced EV known as the EV-1. But it saw the EV segment as unprofitable and did not carry on development and marketing.
Now GM is accelerating its R&D into EV technology and the heart of its strategy is a modular propulsion system and a highly flexible, third-generation global EV platform powered by proprietary Ultium batteries.
“Thousands of GM scientists, engineers and designers are working to execute a historic reinvention of the company,” said GM President Mark Reuss. “They are on the cusp of delivering a profitable EV business that can satisfy millions of customers.”
The Ultium batteries and Propulsion System
GM’s new Ultium batteries are unique in the industry because the large-format, pouch-style cells can be stacked vertically or horizontally inside the battery pack. This allows engineers to optimize battery energy storage and layout for each vehicle design.
Ultium energy options range from 50 to 200 kWh, which could enable a GM-estimated range up to 640 kms or more on a full charge with 0 to 100 km/h acceleration as low as around 3 seconds. Motors designed in-house will support front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive, all-wheel drive and even performance all-wheel drive applications.
Ultium-powered EVs are designed for Level 2 and DC fast charging. Most will have 400-volt battery packs and up to 200 kW fast-charging capability while the truck platform will have 800-volt battery packs and 350 kW fast-charging capability.
Driving costs downwards
The flexible, modular approach to EV development is expected to drive significant economies of scale for lower production costs and create new revenue opportunities. The cells use a proprietary low cobalt chemistry and ongoing technological and manufacturing breakthroughs will drive costs even lower. Together with LG Chem, its joint venture partner, GM sees continuous improvement in battery costs as they are driven down to US$100/kWh.
GM’s all-new global platform will be flexible enough to build a wide range of trucks, SUVs, crossovers, cars and commercial vehicles. To build them with capital efficiency, GM will leverage on existing properties, including land, buildings, tools and production equipment such as body shops and paint shops.
The vehicle and propulsion systems are designed together to minimize complexity and part counts beyond today’s EVs, which are less complex than conventional vehicles powered by internal combustion engines. For example, GM plans 19 different battery and drive unit configurations initially, compared with 550 internal combustion powertrain combinations available today.
Third-party forecasters expect EV volumes in the US market to more than double from 2025 to 2030 to about 3 million units on average. But GM believes the numbers could be materially higher as more EVs are launched in popular segments, charging networks grow and the total cost of ownership to consumers continues to fall.
‘GM Accelerates Transformation of International Markets’ is the title of General Motors’ press release issued today and it might be meant to have an optimistic tone for shareholders but when you start to go through it, you find that it is shows how the corporation is retreating from global markets because it cannot compete. The decline of what was once the largest company on the planet, the No.1 in automobile manufacturing (by volume, to be clear), and top of the list in the Fortune 500, is not something that has come in recent times. It began in the 1970s and kept getting worse to the extent that it went bankrupt by 2009, forcing reorganization.
Like many big and old American corporations, the way the business has been run has depended on big numbers for economies of scale to stay competitive and dominant. That’s still crucial in the auto industry but GM for too long was an insular company, not giving much meaningful attention to markets outside North America. It had units like Opel and Vauxhall in Europe and Holden in Australia, as well as joint-ventures in China. Opel and Vauxhall were sold off to Groupe PSA three years ago and now, Holden, the 164-year old Australian company, will also be shut down 89 years after GM acquired it. Sales, design and engineering operations in Australia and New Zealand will cease, with the Holden brand retired by 2021.
The move is explained as a continuation of the comprehensive strategy laid out in 2015 ‘to strengthen its core business, drive significant cost efficiencies and take action in markets that cannot earn an adequate return for its shareholders’. The last part is a similar theme used by Ford when it shut down its manufacturing operations in Australia four years ago.
GM President Mark Reuss said the company explored a range of options to continue Holden operations, but none could overcome the challenges of the investments needed for the highly fragmented right-hand-drive market, the economics to support growing the brand, and delivering an appropriate return on investment.
“After considering many possible options – and putting aside our personal desires to accommodate the people and the market – we came to the conclusion that we could not prioritize further investment over all other considerations we have in a rapidly changing global industry,” he said.
Like Ford, GM just doesn’t care to compete anymore in Asian markets and is pulling out, with the exception of Korea (notwithstanding its 10 joint ventures in China). Its factory in Rayong, Thailand, which was set up to produce for the ASEAN markets using duty-free incentives is also to be sold to China’s Great Wall Motors.
In the mid-1990s, GM built a big factory in Thailand when the AFTA (ASEAN Free Trade Area) benefits were offered and expected to be a major player in the region.
GM Senior Vice President and President GM International Steve Kiefer said the detailed analysis of the business case for future production at the Rayong facility (which includes an engine plant) indicated low plant utilization and forecast volumes have made continued GM production at the site unsustainable. Without domestic manufacturing, Chevrolet will be unable compete in Thailand’s new-vehicle market. Years earlier, GM also pulled out of Indonesia and ended attempts to grow its presence in the Malaysian market.
These are difficult decisions, but they are necessary to support our goal to have the GM International region on the pathway to growth and profitability,” said Kiefer, adding that GM would also sell its Talegaon manufacturing facility in India.
GM wants to focus on markets where it can get ‘robust returns’ and prioritizing global investments in the areas of EVs and autonomous vehicles – and it’s not interested in righthand drive markets.
Outside of North America, it still sees the possibility of continuing business in South America and the Middle East. “In markets where we don’t have significant scale, such as Japan, Russia and Europe, we are pursuing a niche presence by selling profitable, high-end imported vehicles – supported by a lean GM structure,” said GM International Operations Senior Vice-President Julian Blissett.
GM in Malaysia
Like Ford, GM was selling its cars in Malaysia decades before the Japanese brands arrived in the 1960s. It had a range of brands like Bedford, Chevrolet, Vauxhall, Opel and even Holden, and even set up an assembly plant in Johor in the 1960s. And before Toyota came out with its Kijang in Indonesia in the mid-1970s, GM’s Bedford unit had developed a simple Basic Utility Vehicle called the Harimau that was intended for the developing countries in the region.
Chevrolet was sold in the country decades before the Japanese brands arrived. Even Tunku Abdul Rahman used one of its models to travel around the country and a fleet was also purchased to transport VIPs during the first Merdeka celebrations.The Bedford Harimau was specially developed by GM for developing countries.
For a while, it tried to sell Holden models like the Kingswood and Statesman (assembled locally) which were rather inappropriate for this market. They had huge engines (2.7 litres and bigger!) and were heavy, thirsty cars. There was a joke that if you bought one, its value depreciated by 50% the moment the new numberplate was attached. 44 units of the Chevrolet Impala were also assembled at the ASSB plant in Shah Alam, Selangor, in the late 1960s and it took a while for them to clear.
The GM models assembled in the late 1960s were the Chevrolet Impala (left) and the Holden Statesman (right). Both were big, thirsty and heavy and depreciated very quickly.
Besides the assembly plant, GM had a marketing office in Kuala Lumpur which mainly handled the Opel business until the late 1970s when it closed down and Opel faded from the market like the other brands. In the mid-1990s, a small effort was made to return with the Opel and Holden brands. GM even sent Mike Kimberley, former CEO of Lotus, to oversee the business in Malaysia as there was even talk of assembling the Opel Vectra. But the financial crisis at the end of the decade saw the attempt forgotten.
It would be another 4 years before GM returned to Malaysia with what seemed like renewed confidence in the regional market. It had invested in a huge factory in Thailand to produce what was touted as a market that would reach 500 million consumers and it believed it could be a significant player. In fact, in 2004, a senior GM executive told this writer that he expected Chevrolet to be among the top 5 in Malaysia within 4 years. The over-optimistic prediction was accompanied by a remark that ‘the Malaysian market is the same as the Indonesian one so we can apply the same product strategies’. Later, another senior GM executive would boast of how the Cruze was ‘100 times better than the Honda Civic’. It showed how disconnected from the market the Americans were and why they were doomed to fail.
Although its Opel brand from Germany (the Rekord model shown above) was respected in the Malaysian market, GM chose to discontinue it and instead used the Chevrolet brand for Asian markets, saying it was ‘the most international of GM brands’.
Although Opel, with its German DNA in models like the Rekord, was a respected brand in the Malaysian market, GM chose to use Chevrolet for the region because it was ‘the most international GM brand’. To the older generation, Chevrolet was associated with those Detroit ‘aircraft carriers’ – huge machines on four wheels – even though the range offered was more oriented to ASEAN markets with models like the Nabira and Optra.
For its initial return in 2002, GM let DRB-HICOM handle the business but eventually found difficulties in managing differences with its distributor in approaches taken for the business. So GM came in to directly run the business in the mid-2000s, around the time Ford was pulling out of Malaysia and leaving the business to Sime Darby. There was a lot of enthusiasm in the early years as GM ASEAN probably had a business plan which appealed to the big bosses in Detroit (remember how they believed that they could become No.4 in Malaysia).
To be fair, a lot of marketing initiatives – like cutting parts prices by up to 65% – were carried out to grow the brand but that’s a long-term thing and the problem is that Americans are impatient. Jeep came into the market in the mid-1990s and sold well, but the moment things slowed down and numbers fell, it pulled out right away. They also want big numbers and a veteran local car guy recalls how he went to Detroit to talk to Chrysler about representing them in Malaysia and was told that if he was not taking a thousand cars a month, forget it.
After giving up being directly involved in the Malaysian market, GM gave the franchise to the Naza Group which had the Cruze, a brand new model which seemed promising, to start off with in 2010.
Eventually, GM also gave up on Malaysia (again) but managed to get the Naza Group to take over the brand. Like DRB-HICOM before it, Naza felt it could build the brand and put in much effort. But the products were not competitive enough and the only one that could sell well was the Colorado pick-up made in Thailand. And again, expectations and commitment differed between the two sides with a frustrated Naza suddenly announcing it would cease representing Chevrolet after an 8-year association. Its explanation for the move contained the words ‘long-term sustainability and profitability’, which suggested that GM’s brand could not deliver that.
As GM regards righthand drive markets as not being worth its time, we will probably not see Chevrolet or other GM brands again. Anyway, Chevrolet’s departure from Malaysia has not made much difference since the numbers were insignificant anyway. They were also not particularly big in neighbouring markets so there isn’t really an empty space to be filled.
Daytime Running Lights or DRLs are a common lighting feature on many vehicles today, even the lower-priced ones. Their original purpose was to increase conspicuity of the vehicle during the daytime, or in poor or low lighting conditions, alerting other road-users earlier. It offers the same safety benefit as a motorcycle’s headlight being kept on all the time.
An approaching vehicle that has a DRL will be visible earlier to the driver, reducing the chance of a head-on collision.
Born in the USA
Like the Third Brake Light (or Centre High Mounted Stop Lamp, which is the correct term), the DRL came into use in the USA although, initially, there was controversy and some states did not allow it. In Europe, though, there was easier acceptance in regions like Scandinavia where lighting conditions are low much of the year (especially during winter). Although Finland required vehicles travelling on rural roads to have DRLs slightly earlier. Sweden was the first country to require vehicles to have DRLs, introducing the law in 1977, although Finland required vehicles travelling on rural roads to have DRLs slightly earlier.
In the USA, though, the DRL was not considered as being important enough and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) felt that the conditions did not make them necessary. There were also critics who argued that they were more a danger than a contribution to road safety. Back then (the 1980s), the DRLs were very bright in order to be effective in the daytime. As they were in a fixed position, their height on some vehicles (like pick-up trucks or SUVs) could also result in the light shining straight into oncoming drivers’ eyes.
Nevertheless, the value of DRLs was considered to be great enough that General Motors actively lobbied the NHTSA to support their usage and subsequent mandatory requirement. One presentation by the carmaker elaborated on studies made of the effectiveness of DRLs after they became compulsory on vehicles in Sweden. An 11% reduction in daytime collisions was observed while two-vehicle head-on collisions were reduced by 10%, and collisions involving cyclists and road-users on 2-wheelers were reduced by 21%. Collisions involving pedestrians were reduced by 17%.
In places where there are winter conditions, lighting is low so having DRLs which are on all the time has proven effective in reducing accidents.
Opposition to use of DRLs
In early 1987, the NHTSA agreed to permit the installation of DRLs but this proposal was terminated in June 1988 because there was strong and influential opposition. GM then petitioned, in 1990, for the optional use of DRLs which was accepted and addressed a multitude of state laws which had the effect of not allowing the use DRLs.
General Motors installed simple DRLs on some of its models from 1995 and made them standard across the range from 1997.
GM began to install DRLs on some of its 1995 model year vehicles and within 2 years, DRLs were standard equipment on all GM vehicles sold in the USA. Besides GM, Saab, Volvo and Volkswagen were also the first manufacturers to introduce DRLs in the US market.
Outside North America, carmakers also began to add DRLs to their vehicles as new marketing features. There was no compulsion (other than in countries already having DRL laws) to install them so the appearance of the additional lights within the headlamps was progressive, subject to costs going down.
In the early 1980s, Volvo introduced the DRL concept in the Malaysian-assembled 240 by having the corner lights on all the time. Unfortunately, our high temperatures all year round caused an unexpected problem.
Unexpected problem in Malaysia
The first ‘DRL-equipped’ cars in Malaysia were from Volvo in the early 1980s. At that time, the DRLs were not really separate lighting elements as we know them today but bulbs were kept on all the time. As they had to be very bright to be effective in the strong Malaysian sunshine, they had a higher wattage which meant they generated more heat. This created an unexpected problem – the plastic covers began to deform! It was not a known problem in Sweden since temperatures are very much lower but for Malaysia, some changes had to be made to the materials. Needless to say, owners got the covers replaced under warranty.
From being merely a safety feature, DRLs have also become styling features, providing a visual ‘signature’ that identifies the model. This has been evident on premium brands where there have been common themes for the DRL style and further downmarket, designers are also doing the same thing these days.
DRLs offer significant safety benefits and have no drawbacks; the issue of dazzle which can occur at night is addressed as the DRLs set to deactivate when the headlights are switched on. In the early days, DRLs used incandescent bulbs which could result in a tiny increase in fuel consumption but with low-energy LEDs now in use, this is no longer an issue.
Older vehicles don’t have DRLs so you should switch on the headlights if lighting conditions are poor.
If your vehicle does not have DRLs but you believe in the value of being more visible to other drivers, then be sure to switch on your headlights whenever lighting conditions are poor or low. This includes occasions when you may be driving along country roads where there are trees blocking the sky and the lighting is low. Having the headlights on could make a difference as drivers approaching from a distance can see the lights and not attempt to overtake other vehicles.
Along with the Ford Mustang, the Chevrolet Corvette is undoubtedly the other iconic American sportscar. Over 7 generations and 60 years, the engineers have dreamed of the sportscar with a mid-engine layout and finally, for the 8th generation, they get their wish.
“Corvette has always represented the pinnacle of innovation and boundary-pushing at GM. The traditional front-engine vehicle reached its limits of performance, necessitating the new layout,” said GM President Mark Reuss. “In terms of comfort and fun, it still looks and feels like a Corvette, but drives better than any vehicle in Corvette history. Customers are going to be thrilled with our focus on details and performance across the board.”
“As America’s most iconic performance nameplate, redesigning the Corvette Stingray from the ground up presented the team a historic opportunity, something Chevrolet designers have desired for over 60 years,” said Michael Simcoe, Vice-President of Global Design, General Motors.
A note about the Stingray suffix – this has not always been present in the nameplate. It has been used for concept cars over the years and on production models, only three generations used to. These were the second and third generation, and the seventh generation which was introduced in 2014. According to the GM Heritage Centre, the use of ‘Stingray’ or ’Sting Ray’ for the sportscar evokes an immediate connection to predatory fish of the ocean.
Showing off the engine
The new location of the V8 engine is truly the focal point for the car’s design. It sits like a jewel in a showcase, visible through the large rear hatch window. The benefits are obvious: better weight distribution, with the rear weight bias enhancing performance in a straight line and on the track. And better responsiveness and better sense of control due to driver positioning closer to the front axle, almost on top of the front wheels.
Chevy’s next-generation 6.2-litre Small Block V-8 LT2 engine is the only naturally aspirated V-8 in the segment. It will produce 495 bhp/637 Nm of torque when equipped with performance exhaust — the most horsepower and torque for any entry-level Corvette. The 0 – 60 mph (96 km/h) is claimed to be under 3 seconds when equipped with Z51 Performance Package.
Perhaps the biggest update is found in the lubrication and ventilation system. For the first time ever, the base Stingray will use an engine-mounted dry sump oil system and three scavenge pumps for improved track performance. During serious track driving, oil volume remains high to avoid diminished performance. The new Stingray’s lateral capability is greatly improved, so the LT2’s dry sump lubrication system had to be redesigned to provide exceptional engine performance even at lateral acceleration levels exceeding 1g in all directions.
Every part, including the exhaust system’s wires, tubes, routing fasteners, coolant hoses, exhaust manifold and even the bolts and fasteners, is built with appearance in mind. All engine components were given careful consideration just like the exterior, and even the heat shields are textured.
8-speed DCT a first for Chevy
The next-generation LT2 is paired with Chevrolet’s first 8-speed dual-clutch transmission. This transmission, designed with TREMEC, has a double-paddle de-clutch feature that even allows the driver to disconnect the clutch by holding both paddles for more manual control.
The DCT is mated to a new Electronic Transmission Range Selector. With this electric shifter, there’s no mechanical interface between the shift lever and the transmission. The Corvette’s electric shifter incorporates two pull toggles for Reverse and Drive and push buttons for Park, Neutral and Low/Manual.
The new Stingray benefits from GM’s new digital vehicle platform, an all-new electronic architecture that enables the adoption of the company’s next generation of technologies. The architecture minimizes wiring while allowing for faster signal transmission between different vehicle systems and the higher resolution screens. The platform enables continuous vehicle improvements through over-the-air updates and enhanced cybersecurity measures.
Design inspired by racing and aeronautics
The new exterior design has a bold, futuristic expression with mid-engine exotic proportions but it is still unmistakably Corvette. The door, bonnet and hatch releases are all hidden, keeping surfaces smooth.
True to its aeronautical and racing roots, the Stingray’s canopy-forward stance was inspired by the F22, F35 and other modern fighter jets as well as Formula 1 racing. Other classic Corvette signatures adapted to the Stingray include a distinctive face that communicates the purpose of the vehicle’s mission, a classic horizontal crease, aggressive front fenders and familiar positioning of the dual-element headlamps.
Personalisation like never before
The interior is further enhanced by a cockpit that envelopes the driver, conveying the high performance and aeronautic theme. Vertical climate controls and ultra-thin vents minimize the height of the instrument panel, creating a low, spacious interior.
There’s a choice of either real aluminium or real carbonfibre for console and door trim plates. Personalisation is like never before and customers can even choose from 6 seatbelt colours and 2 stitch packages.
And, like the Mustang, this will be the first time in the Corvette’s history that a righthand drive variant will be available from the factory as well.
Carbonfibre trim for seats
Besides the GT1 seats, there are GT2 seats which are first for the model. These seats have a racing-inspired look with comfort for long trips courtesy of dual density foam. They include carbonfibre trim, a Napa leather insert, Mulan leather bolsters, a jet black-painted seat back, two-way lumbar support and wing adjustment, plus heating and ventilation.
Competition Sport seats can be ordered for the serious track-focused driver. These have aggressive bolsters, full Napa seating surfaces and carbonfibre trim on the headrest, heating and ventilation, along with an all-new durable performance textile inspired by Kevlar vests.
The centre tunnel ‘backbone’
The car’s structure is built around its backbone: the centre tunnel. This enables a light, stiff structure to serve as the foundation for the suspension system to perform in an optimized manner. By removing unwanted body compliance, Corvette customers will experience the ultimate in ride performance with outstanding lateral grip capabilities.
The new Stingray features coil-over dampers that create entirely new ride and handling characteristics. The mid-engine architecture allows for a short, straight and stiff steering system, coupled with an updated electronic steering system, making the driver’s chassis input instantaneous.
The front suspension lift raises ground clearance by approximately 40 mm at the front bumper in 2.8 seconds, protecting against bumps, potholes, steep driveways and other road disturbances. It can operate at speeds up to about 40 km/h and be programmed to work automatically through GPS to remember up to 1,000 locations.
The optional Magnetic Ride Control 4.0 reads the road better, providing more precise data through suspension-mounted accelerometers. Its improved electronics are said to respond faster and more smoothly to driver inputs and contribute to class-leading ride quality.
Production of the new Corvette Stingray starts later this year and its starting price is to be below US$60,000 (equivalent to about RM247,000). This has amazed American enthusiasts who see it as a bargain price for a mid-engine sportscar although the more capable variants would cost more.
According to GM’s latest sales report, demand for Cadillac vehicles is on the rise, which has been made evident by the automaker sales of 32,016 units this month alone. It’s part of an 18 consecutive month of growth for the brand. Adding to that, year-to-date sales are up by 18.5%, totaling 321,721 units.
“We have positioned ourselves to have a successful 2017 and are on track to have one of the best sales years in the history of Cadillac,” said Cadillac President Johan de Nysschen. “Our SUV sales remain strong and we are seeing growth in the sedan segment, with both the ATS and CT6 performing well globally.”
In its home market, the gradual decline in demand for luxury cars, has affected Cadillac somewhat. But it has managed to partially offset the deficit with stronger sales of the XT5 and the ever-popular Escalade. This has resulted in an 8.1% growth in SUV portfolio sales for the year.
Despite this, China continues to be a strong market for the brand. There has been an increase of 53.7% in Cadillac sales compared to the same period in 2016. Following suit are Canada, South Korea, the Middle East and Japan, all of which, recorded an increase in sales this month.
Cadillac’s XT5 luxury crossover is still the best selling vehicle in its product portfolio. It has recorded 129,971 units delivered worldwide this year, and the ATS did equally well too, achieving a 20.2% increase in demand.
Worldwide, the company has achieved a 3.7% growth in sales figures, which isn’t groundbreaking, but proves that Cadillac vehicles are still in demand. Though the luxury car market might be shrinking, the figures show that the American automaker is still going strong.
